Ifomula Yokuthola Amaphesenti: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Isingeniso

Amaphesenti awumqondo obalulekile kuzibalo odlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinkambu, kusukela kwezezimali kuye kwezemfundo, ezempilo, kanye nebhizinisi. Igama elithi iphesenti livela egameni lesiLatini elithi percentum, okusho ukuthi ngekhulu. Kubhekiselwa kungxenyana ka100, okubonisa ukuthi inani elithile limelela malini ekhulwini elithile. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula ifomula yokuthola amaphesenti, sihlole izibonelo ezingokoqobo, sihlole izimo ezihlukene lapho amaphesenti asetshenziswa khona, futhi sixoxe ngamathiphu okusebenza ngamaphesenti ngempumelelo.

Iphesenti Lefomula Eyisisekelo

Ifomula ewumongo yokubala iphesenti iqondile:

Iphesenti= (Ingxenye/Yonke) × 100

Kuphi:

• Ihlanganisa inani noma inani oliqhathanisayo nalo lonke.
• Inani eliphelele noma eliphelele.
• 100iyisiphindaphindi sokuguqula ingxenyeni ibe iphesenti.

Ake sithi uthole amaphuzu angama45 kwangu60 esivivinyweni, futhi ufuna ukuthola amaphuzu. Kusetshenziswa ifomula yephesenti:

Iphesenti= (45 / 60) × 100 = 0.75 × 100 = 75%

Lesi sibalo sikutshela ukuthi uthole amaphuzu angama75% esivivinyweni.

Izinguqulo Eziyinhloko Zefomula Yephesenti

Ifomula yephesenti eyisisekelo ingashintshwa ukuze ivumelane nezimo ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kuhluka kubalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezihlobene namaphesenti njengokuthola ingxenye enikezwe iphesenti futhi iphelele noma ukuthola yonke inikezwe ingxenye nephesenti.

Kwesinye isikhathi, uyawazi amaphesenti kanye nenani eliphelele, futhi ufuna ukunquma ukuthi lelo phesenti limele liphi inani. Ifomula iba:

Ingxenye= (Iphesenti / 100) × Konke

Ake ucabange wazi ukuthi u25% wekilasi labafundi abangu80 bathole uA. Ukuze uthole ukuthi bangaki abafundi abathole iA:

Ingxenye= (25 / 100) × 80 = 0.25 × 80 = 20

Lokhu kusho ukuthi abafundi abangu20 bathole ibanga elinguA.

Kwezinye izimo, ungase wazi ingxenye kanye nephesenti, kodwa hhayi yonke. Ifomula yokuthola konke ithi:

Konke= Ingxenye / (Iphesenti / 100)

Ake sithi uyazi ukuthi abantu abangu40 enkampanini benza u20% wabo bonke abasebenzi. Ukuthola isamba senani labasebenzi:

Konke= 40 / (20 / 100) = 40 / 0.2 = 200

Ngakho, inkampani inabasebenzi abangu200 sebebonke.

Ukuqonda Ushintsho Lwephesenti

Omunye umqondo obalulekile obandakanya amaphesenti ukushintsha kwephesenti. Ushintsho lwamaphesenti lukala izinga inani elikhuphuke noma lehle ngalo ngokuqhathaniswa nenani lalo loqobo. Indlela yokushintsha amaphesenti ithi:

Ushintsho Lwephesenti= (Inani Elisha Inani Loqobo) / Inani Loqobo × 100

Uma intengo yomkhiqizo yenyukile isuka ku$50 yaya ku$65, ungakwazi ukubala ukukhuphuka kwamaphesenti ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Iphesenti Lokwenyuka= (65 50) / 50 × 100 = 15 / 50 × 100 = 30%

Ngakho, inani lenyuke ngo30%.

Uma intengo yomkhiqizo yehla isuka ku$80 yaya ku$60, ukwehla kwephesenti kuzoba:

Ukuncipha Kwephesenti= (60 80) / 80 × 100 = 25%

Lokhu kubonisa ukwehla okungu25% kwenani lomkhiqizo.

Izicelo Ezivamile Zamaphesenti

Amaphesenti akuyo yonke indawo empilweni yansuku zonke. Nazi ezinye izindawo ezivamile lapho amaphesenti asetshenziswa khona njalo:

Izilinganiso Zenzalo:Ebhange nakwezezimali, izilinganiso zenzalo zivame ukuvezwa njengamaphesenti. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iakhawunti yokulondoloza ezuza inzalo noma imali mboleko eqongelela inzalo, isilinganiso cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi simelelwa njengephesenti yenani eliyinhloko.

Ifomula yokuthakaselayo elula ithi:

Inzalo Elula= (Uthishanhloko × Isilinganiso × Isikhathi) / 100

Uma utshala u$1,000 ngenani lenzalo elingu5% unyaka owodwa:

Inzalo Elula= (1000 × 5 × 1) / 100 = 50

Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzozuza inzalo ka$50.

Ihembe elinenani elingu$40 lithengiswa ngesaphulelo esingu20%:

Isaphulelo= (20 / 100) × 40 = 8

Ngakho, intengo entsha ithi:

40 8 = 32

Emhlabeni wezemfundo, amaphesenti asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlola ukusebenza komfundi. Isibonelo, ingqikithi yamamaki omfundi esivivinyweni ngokuvamile avezwa njengephesenti lamamaki aphezulu angakhona.

Umfundi uthole amaphuzu angama85 kwangu100 esivivinyweni. Ukuthola amaphesenti:

Iphesenti= (85 / 100) × 100 = 85%

Ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, amaphesenti avame ukusetshenziswa kuzibalo, imibiko, kanye nesuamarveys. Isibonelo, amaphesenti angabonisa ingxenye yabantu abathintwe isifo, ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa, noma amazinga okugoma.

Uma abantu abangu75 kwabayi100 emphakathini begonyiwe, izinga lokugoma lithi:

Iphesenti= (75 / 100) × 100 = 75%

Ebhizinisini, amaphesenti asetshenziselwa ukubala amamajini enzuzo, ukuhlaziya amasheya emakethe, nokuhlola ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.

Uma inkampani ihola u$200,000 wemali engenayo futhi inezindleko ezingu$150,000, umkhawulo wenzuzo uthi:

Imajini Yenzuzo= (200,000 150,000) / 200,000 × 100 = 25%

Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkampani inenzuzo engu25%.

Amathiphu Okusebenza Ngamaphesenti

• Guqula Amaphesenti abe Amadesimali:Ngesinye isikhathi kungaba lula ukusebenza ngamaphesenti ngokuwaguqulela abe amadesimali. Ukuze uguqule iphesenti libe idesimali, lihlukanise ngo100. Isibonelo, u25% uba ngu0.25.
• PhindanisaPhindanisa ukuze Uxazulule Okungaziwa:Ezinkingeni lapho kusetshenziswa ifomula yephesenti, ungakwazi ukuphindaphinda ukuze uxazulule amanani angaziwa.
• Amaphesenti Amaphuzu vs. Amaphesenti:Qaphela umehluko phakathi kokuthi iphesenti lamaphuzu kanye namaphesenti. Uma izinga likhuphuka lisuka ku4% liya ku5%, liwukukhuphuka kwephesenti elingu1, kodwa liwukukhuphuka ngo25% uma kuqhathaniswa nelasekuqaleni.

Inzalo Ehlanganisiwe Namaphesenti

Omunye wemiqondo yezezimali ebaluleke kakhulu lapho amaphesenti asetshenziswa khona inhlanganisela yenzalo. Nakuba inzalo elula ihlinzeka ngesibalo esiqondile esisekelwe kuthishanhloko, inzalo ehlanganisiwe icabangela inzalo ezuzwe kukho kokubili inzalo eyinhloko kanye nenzalo etholwe ngaphambilini, okuholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ifomula yenzuzo ehlanganisiwe ithi:

Inzalo Ehlanganisiwe= P (1 r / n)^nt

Kuphi:

• Yinani lemali eqoqwayo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, okuhlanganisa nenzalo.
• Pis inani eliyinhloko (utshalomali lokuqala.
• izinga lenzalo lonyaka (njengedesimali.
• kuyinani lezikhathi inzalo ehlanganiswa ngayo ngonyaka.
• kuyinani leminyaka imali etshaliwe.

Ake sithi utshala u$1,000 kuakhawunti yokulondoloza ekhokha inzalo engu5% ehlanganiswe minyaka yonke. Ukubala inani ngemuva kweminyaka emi5:

Inani= 1000 (1 0.05 / 1)^{1 × 5}= 1000 (1.05)⁵= 1000 × 1.27628 = 1276.28

Ngakho, ngemva kweminyaka engu5, utshalomali lwakho luzokhula lufinyelele ku$1,276.28, okuhlanganisa nenzalo ka$276.28.

Ukuze uqonde amandla enzalo ehlanganisiwe, iqhathanise nenzalo elula. Ukusebenzisa isibonelo esifanayo kodwa ngentshisekelo elula:

Inzalo Elula= (1000 × 5 × 5) / 100 = 250

Ngenzalo elula, uzozuza u$250 kuphela, kanti ngenzalo ehlanganisiwe, uzuza u$276.28. Umehluko ungase ubonakale umncane ekuqaleni, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside kanye namazinga enzalo aphezulu, umehluko uba mkhulu kakhulu.